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When the Tide Goes Out: Notes on a Currency Under Pressure

Some thoughts on Indonesia, on what 1998 and 2013 might still have to teach us, and on why the boring answers are usually the right ones There is a line I keep returning to whenever markets get nervous. You only find out who has been swimming naked when the tide goes out. It is a glib phrase, but the principle behind it has stayed with me for years. When money is cheap and capital is abundant, every economy looks competent. Every government looks prudent. Every central bank looks wise. It is only when the world tightens its belt that we discover which countries built their houses on rock and which on sand. The tide is going out on Indonesia right now. I find myself thinking a great deal about what we are about to find out. By late April 2026, the rupiah had broken through Rp17,300 per dollar. Foreign reserves had fallen to USD 148.2 billion, the lowest since mid-2024. Bank Indonesia had spent USD 8.3 billion in the first quarter alone defending the currency. Moody's and Fitch had r...
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The Iranian Regime: Thank You, Netanyahu and Trump

How a Foreign Bombardment Rescued a Dying Theocracy from Its Own People To the observers of geopolitical folly:   In my years of studying how value is created and destroyed, I have learned that the most expensive mistakes are not the ones born of ignorance. They are the ones born of certainty. When someone is absolutely sure they are right, they tend to bet the whole farm. And when the farm in question happens to be the Middle East, the bill arrives not in dollars alone but in lives, stability, and consequences that compound for generations. On February 28, 2026, the United States and Israel launched Operation Epic Fury against Iran. The stated objectives were ambitious: dismantle Iran’s nuclear program, neutralize its ballistic missile capabilities, and—though officials danced around the word—effect regime change. The opening salvo killed Supreme Leader Ali Khamenei himself, along with dozens of senior officials. By any military scorecard, this was a spectacular opening move. ...

Why Indonesia Should Take PT Len Public: A Letter on Defense Independence and National Sovereignty

Let me tell you a story about two kinds of dependence and why one of them could cost Indonesia its sovereignty. The first kind is the dependence we choose. When you buy a Coca-Cola, you're dependent on their formula, their distribution, their brand. That's fine. You're getting something you value, and you can always switch to Pepsi if Coke disappoints you. The second kind is the dependence that others impose on you. That's the kind where you have no choice, no alternatives, and no leverage. That's the dangerous kind. And right now, Indonesia has that dangerous kind of dependence when it comes to its national defense. The Wake-Up Call from Caracas On January 3, 2026, something happened in Venezuela that should make every Indonesian policymaker lose sleep. The United States conducted a military operation that resulted in the capture of President Nicolás Maduro. Now, I'm not here to debate the rights and wrongs of that operation. What interests me and what shou...

Annual Letter 1

I am writing this letter as a personal record of learning rather than a summary of achievements. It is not meant to impress, nor to justify choices that may appear unconventional from the outside. Its purpose is simpler: to document how I thought, what I learned, and how I intend to move forward. I have come to value honest reflection over polished narratives. This letter is written in that spirit. The year 2025 unfolded in three distinct phases. Each phase demanded a different kind of attention and a different kind of discipline. Early in the year, my focus was intellectual learning how different asset classes work and how capital behaves over time. Midway through the year, the focus shifted inward, toward relationships and emotional openness within my family. Toward the end of the year, I made a personal decision that closed one chapter of my life and clarified the direction of the next several years. None of these phases felt dramatic while they were happening. Their importance ...